Texting Up a Storm

Drawing text in pygame is a lot like drawing images.

'''
Rendering text

Code copied and adapted from https://inventwithpython.com/pygame/chapter2.html
'''

import sys
import pygame

pygame.init()

FPS = 60
clock = pygame.time.Clock()

screen_width = 400
screen_height = 300
display_bg_color = [255,255,255]

display_surface = pygame.display.set_mode([screen_width, screen_height])
pygame.display.set_caption('This window will have some text in it. Woo?')

# Font documentation: https://www.pygame.org/docs/ref/font.html

# use the pygame.font.get_fonts() function to get a list of available fonts on your
# system
print('Available fonts:', pygame.font.get_fonts())

# To render text with pygame, first we need to create a font
# - when we create a font, we tell it which font-style to use and what font size
#   we want.
# - CHALLENGE: try changing the font size and the font type (use get_fonts() to
#              figure out what is possible)
font = pygame.font.SysFont('impact', 32)

# Next, we can render the font onto a surface (which we'll eventually draw on the
# display_display surface)
# - To render text, we need to specify: (1) the string we want to write, (2) use
#   anti-aliasing? (smoothing technique), (3) what color we want the text to be?,
#   and (4) what background color we want? (if blank, no background color)
hello_color = [0,0,0]
hello_bg = [0,255,0]
hello_surface = font.render('Hello World!', True, hello_color, hello_bg)

# Where do we want to draw the text?
hello_x = screen_width / 2
hello_y = screen_height / 2

# CHALLENGE: add some more text to the screen, try rendering a few different fonts
#            at once
goodbye_color = [255,255,255]
goodbye_bg = [0,0,0]
goodbye_surface = font.render('Goodbye forever!', True, goodbye_color, goodbye_bg)
goodbye_x = 0
goodbye_y = 0

# CHALLENGE: just like the cat animation, can you make some text move around?
moving_text_color = [0,0,0]
moving_text_surface = font.render('MOVING', True, moving_text_color)
moving_text_bounding_rect = moving_text_surface.get_rect()
moving_text_bounding_rect.x = screen_width - moving_text_surface.get_rect().width
moving_text_bounding_rect.y = 0
moving_text_dir = 'southwest'

# rot_degrees = 1
while True:
    # fill the background
    display_surface.fill(display_bg_color)

    # blit the text onto the screen
    # - The top left corner of the text should be at hello_x, hello_y
    display_surface.blit(hello_surface, [hello_x, hello_y])

    # blit goodbye to the screen
    display_surface.blit(goodbye_surface, [goodbye_x, goodbye_y])

    # Animate the moving text
    if moving_text_dir == 'southwest':
        moving_text_bounding_rect.x -= 1 # Move text to the left by 1
        moving_text_bounding_rect.y += 1 # Move text down by 1
        if (moving_text_bounding_rect.bottomleft[1] >= screen_height) or (moving_text_bounding_rect.x <= 0):
            moving_text_dir = 'northeast'
    elif moving_text_dir == 'northeast':
        moving_text_bounding_rect.x += 1 # Move text to the right by 1
        moving_text_bounding_rect.y -= 1 # Move text up by 1
        if (moving_text_bounding_rect.topright[1] <= 0) or (moving_text_bounding_rect.x >= screen_width):
            moving_text_dir = 'southwest'

    # blit the moving text
    display_surface.blit(moving_text_surface, moving_text_bounding_rect)

    # Events!
    for event in pygame.event.get():
        if event.type == pygame.QUIT:
            pygame.quit()
            sys.exit()

    # Update the display
    pygame.display.update()
    clock.tick(FPS)

|>> download text_finished.py

🔗 Example: Cat clicker with text!

Here’s the same cat clicker game from lesson 6, but now with in-game text!

import pygame
import sys
import random

pygame.init()
screen = pygame.display.set_mode([400, 400])
pygame.display.set_caption("Austin's Game")
FPS = 30  # Frames per second
fps_clock = pygame.time.Clock()

# r g b
RED = [255, 0, 0]
WHITE = [255, 255, 255]
BLACK = [0, 0, 0]

cat_image = pygame.image.load("cat.png")
cat_rect = cat_image.get_rect()
cat_x = 100
cat_y = 200
cat_delta_x = 4
cat_clicks = 0
cat_attempted_clicks = 0
cat_miss_phrases = ["you missed!", ";P", "you suck!", "HAHAHA"]

#print(pygame.font.get_fonts())
font_name = "impact"
font = pygame.font.SysFont(font_name, 32)

text_surf = font.render("Hello!", True, RED, WHITE)
text_rect = text_surf.get_rect()
text_rect.center = [200,200]

# run the game loop
while True:
    # Move the cat and make it bounce of edges of screen
    cat_x = cat_x + cat_delta_x 
    if cat_x >= 350: 
        cat_delta_x = cat_delta_x * -1
    elif cat_x <= 50: 
        cat_delta_x = cat_delta_x * -1
    cat_rect.center = [cat_x, cat_y]    

    # Create text displaying our score
    score_surf = font.render("Score: " + str(cat_clicks), True, RED, BLACK)
    # Create text surface for the cat
    cat_miss_string = random.choice(cat_miss_phrases)
    
    # Draw!
    screen.fill(BLACK)
    screen.blit(score_surf, [0,0])
    screen.blit(text_surf, text_rect)
    screen.blit(cat_image, cat_rect)
    pygame.display.flip()

    for event in pygame.event.get():
        if event.type == pygame.QUIT:
            pygame.quit()
            sys.exit()
        elif event.type == pygame.KEYDOWN:
            if event.key == pygame.K_ESCAPE:
                pygame.quit()
                sys.exit()
        elif event.type == pygame.MOUSEBUTTONDOWN:
            cat_attempted_clicks += 1 # Increment attempted clicks!  
            x, y = event.pos
            text_surf = font.render(cat_miss_string, True, RED, WHITE)
            text_rect = text_surf.get_rect()
            text_rect.center = [x,y]
            if x >= cat_rect.x and x <= (cat_rect.x + cat_rect.width): # check if cat's left side <= x <= cat's right side
                if y >= cat_rect.y and y <= (cat_rect.y + cat_rect.height): # if y is greater than the bottom of the cat 
                    cat_clicks = cat_clicks + 1
                    cat_delta_x = cat_delta_x * 1.25
                    cat_y = random.randint(0, 400)
                    text_surf = font.render('ow!', True, RED, WHITE)
                    text_rect = text_surf.get_rect()
                    text_rect.center = [x,y]
                    print('Hit! Current hits:', cat_clicks)
                    if cat_clicks >= 10:
                        print('Congrats! You did it!')
                        print("Your final time was: ")
                        print(pygame.time.get_ticks())
                        accuracy = cat_clicks / cat_attempted_clicks
                        print("Your accuracy was:", round(accuracy, 2))
                        pygame.quit()
                        sys.exit()

    fps_clock.tick(FPS)